Poetry Concepts
poetry · oldest form of literature · uses words in a special way · written in lines(how words are put together) · written in stanzas(how lines are grouped) · often uses rhyme, rhythm, and figurative language · teaches us about ourselves in a different way
Prose		written in sentences in paragraphs
How to read a poem:
1.	read aloud to hear sounds & rhythm
2.	decide who is speaking
3.	imagine the feelings or things described
4.	give each poem a chance
Misc. Concepts
allusion				reference to the Bible, literature, history, mythology, or to anything outside the writing that the writer expects the reader to know
connotation				feeling a word carries with it
denotation				dictionary meaning of a word
imagery				words/phrases that appeal to the senses; pictures made with words
inferences				a logical guess after looking at the evidence
irony				contrast between what appears to be & what really is
verbal			saying one thing mean the opposite
situational			something happens that is not expected or appropriate
dramatic			reader or viewer knows the true state of affairs or what’s going on, but the characters do not
mood				feeling a reader gets upon reading
tone				attitude of the writer toward his/her subject
Sounds of language
1. rhyme				words that end with the same sound
end rhyme				words that rhyme and appear at the ends of lines
internal rhyme				rhyming words within a line
near rhyme				words that look like they might rhyme but don’t; words that almost rhyme
rhyme scheme				letters of the alphabet used to chart rhyme
2. rhythm				pattern of stressed & unstressed beats
a. regular rhythm				steady, syllables arranged to create a beat (e.g. one, two, buckle my shoe)
b. free verse				syllables arranged freely
3. repetition				repeating of certain words & phrases or even punctuation, done so for emphasis
4. onomatopoeia				use of words that sound like their meanings (e.g. buzz, crash, clink, quack)
5. alliteration				repetition of consonant sound (usually at the beginning of words) e.g. tongue twisters
Figurative language/Figures of Speech
1. metaphor				comparison of two unlike things; paints a mental picture
2. personification				giving human qualities to an object, an animal or an idea
3. hyperbole				an exaggeration
4. simile				comparison of two unlike things using the words like or as
Types of Poetry
haiku				from Japan, a three line poem with the syllables of 5-7-5, creates a strong image and usually captures a single moment or an idea
concrete				a poem shape suggests it meaning or what the poem is about; words & punctuation are arranged is a unique way
narrative				tells a story